Prepositions in/at/on
ひさしぶりの英語です！
in/at/on 1
In
中に入っている感じです。
in a room, in a building, in a box, in a garden, in a town,
in the city center, in a pool, in the sea, in a river
例文
There’s no-one in the room / in the building / in the garden.
What have you got in your hand / in your mouth?
When we were in Italy, we spent a few days in Venice.
I have a friend who lives in a small village in the mountains.
There were some people swimming in the pool / in the sea / in the river.
————————————————————————-
At
そのそばでという感じです。
at the bus stop, at the door, at the roundabout, at reception
例文
Who is that man standing at the bus stop / at the door / at the window?
Turn left at the traffic lights / at the church / at the roundabout / at the junction.
We have to get off the bus at the next stop.
When you leave the hotel, please leave your key at reception.
————————————————————————-
On
くっついている感じです。
on the wall, on the ceiling, on the door, on the floor, on the table
on her nose, on a page, on an island
例文
I sat on the floor / on the ground / on the grass / on the beach / on a chair.
There’s dirty mark on the wall / on the ceiling / on your nose / on your shirt.
Have you seen the notice on the notice board / on the door?
You’ll find details of TV programs on page seven.
The hotel is on a small island in the middle of a lake.
————————————————————————-
Compare in and at:
There were a lot of people in the shop. It was very crowded.
Go along this road, then turn left at the shop.
I’ll meet you in the hotel lobby.
I’ll meet you at the entrance to the hotel.
inは中で、atはその場所で。
————————————————————————-
Compare in and on:
There is some water in the bottle.
There is a label on the bottle.
inは中で、onはくっついて。
————————————————————————-
Compare at and on:
There is somebody at the door. Shall I go and see who it is?
There is a notice on the door. It says ‘Do not disturb’.
atはその場所で、onはくっついて。
————————————————————————-
in/at/on 2
別のin/at/on 使い方
In
in a line, in a row, in a queue, in the sky, in the world, in an office,
in a department, in a book, in a paper, in a magazine, in a letter,
in bed, in the country, in the countryside, in a picture, in a photo, in a photograph
例文
When I go to the cinema, I like to sit in the front row.
James isn’t up yet, He’s still in bed.
It was a lovely day. There wasn’t a cloud in the sky.
I’ve just started working in the sales department.
Who is the woman in that photo?
Have you seen this picture in today’s paper?
今度のinはルールはないですね。
使い方を覚えましょう！
————————————————————————-
on
on the left, on the right, on the left-hand side, on the right-hand side,
on the ground floor, on the first floor, on the second floor,
on a map, on a menu, on a list, on a farm
例文
In Britain we drive on the left. or …on the left-hand side.
Our apartment is on the second floor of the building.
Here’s shopping list. Don’t buy anything that’s not on the list.
Have you ever worked on a farm?
Budapest is on the (River) Danube.
The town where you live – is it on the coast or island?
We stopped to buy some things in a shop on the way home.
今度のonもルールというより、
使い方を覚えるしかないですね。
————————————————————————-
at the top (of), at the bottom (of), at the end (of)
Write your name at the top of the page.
Jane’s house is at the other end of the street.
at the top of the pageまたはbottomというのは、そのページの中で一番上とか下です。
————————————————————————-
in the front, in the back of a car
I was sitting in the back (of a car) when we crashed.
————————————————————————-
at the front, at the back of a building / theatre / group of people
The garden is at the back of the house.
Let’s sit at the front (of the cinema)
We were at the back, so we couldn’t see very well.
————————————————————————-
on the front, on the back of a letter, piece of paper
I wrote the date on the back of the photo.
————————————————————————-
in the corner of a room
The TV is in the corner of the room.
部屋のかどにあるという意味ですね。
————————————————————————-
at the corner or on the corner of a street
There is a small shop at/on the corner of the street.
道路の曲がりかどはatでもonでもいいのです。
————————————————————————-
in/at/on 3
さらに別のin/at/on 使い方
in hospital, in prison, in jail
Anna’s mother is in hospital.
at work, at school, at university, at college
I’ll be at work until 5.30.
Julia is studying chemistry at university.
I’ll be at home all evening. or I’ll be home all evening.
but
Shall we go out a restaurant or eat at home?
do something at homeで動詞の中になにか入るとatがいります。
————————————————————————-
At a party / at a concert
イベントはatです。
Were there many people at the party / at the meeting / at the wedding?
I saw Steve at a conference / at a concert on Saturday.
————————————————————————-
建物の中はinとatどちらでも。
in a restaurant / at a restaurant
in a supermarket / at a supermarket
イベントが行われる場合は、atがよいようです。
We went to a concert at the National Concert Hall.
The meeting took place at the company’s head office in Frankfurt.
There was a robbery at the supermarket.
atは、ほかにもたくさんです。
at the station / at the airport:
There’s no need to meet me at the station. I can get a taxi.
at somebody’s house / at the doctor’s / at the hairdresser’s:
I was at Helen’s house last night. or I was at Helen’s last night
建物の中はinを使います。
Compare:
We had dinner at the hotel.
All the rooms in the hotel have air conditioning. (not at the hotel)
I was at Helen’s (house) last night.
It’s always cold in Helen’s house. The heating doesn’t work well. (not at Helen’s house)
————————————————————————-
in とat町などでの使い方
通常はinで。
The Louvre is a famous art museum in Paris. (not at Paris)
Sam’s parents live in a village in the south of France. (not at village)
場所としての位置や旅の駅などはatで。
Does this train stop at Oxford?
————————————————————————-
on a bus / in a car
on a bus, on a train, on a plane, on a ship
but
in a car, in a taxi:
The bus was very full. There were too many people on it.
Laure arrived in a taxi.
on a bike, on a motorbike, on a horse:
Jane passed me on her bike.
なぜ乗り物によってonとin使い分けるの？
とか思ってはいけません。
受け入れていきましょう！